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Tulsi-The Indian Holy Basil cum Medical Herb
The Tulsi or the holy basil is an herb typical to the Indian religion and culture. This has assumed great religious significance over thousands of years. In fact its religious importance far surpasses its medicinal and other (condimental) uses. Ancient Hindu religious scriptures are full of praises about this plant. There are numerous myths and legends revolving around the plant too.
This is one of the several Old World tropical aromatic perennial herbs of the genus Ocinum. The common Tulsi plant of India is the Ocinum sanctum. Fresh or dried leaves of Tulsi are used for carrying out religious rituals- for worshipping particularly Lord Vishnu or Krishna revered by Hindus. There is also the traditional Christian belief that the Tulsi grew around the place of Crucifixion.
The Tulsi Herb
The Tulsi herb is found quite commonly all over the Indian sub continent. The plant can grow in the wild in the tropical warm regions. The plant’s height varies from 2 to 4 feet. The flowering season is winter (December to February). The Tulsi leaves have a marked strong aroma and an astringent taste. There are some biologically active compounds like urosolic acid, luteolin and apigenin that can be extracted from the Tulsi leaves. Though it is the leaves that are usually used the flowers, seeds and roots also find good usage.
There are two main varieties of Tulsi- the dark variety or Krishna Tulsi and the light variety or Rama Tulsi. The Tulsi has also got a close cousin- the Thai Basil. This is smooth and hairless unlike the Tulsi that is slightly hairy. Besides the Thai basil has a strong aniseed or licorice smell while the Tulsi or Holy Basil has a hot and spicy flavor that is comparable to the flavor of the clove.
Medicinal properties of Tulsi
Tulsi has got diverse healing properties. Though traditionally used by Hindus or Indians now others are using it too recognizing its immense therapeutic properties. The Tulsi has the property of acting as an adaptogen. It balances different processes in the body and is of great help in stress management.
The extracts of Tulsi have been used in traditional Indian Ayurvedic system of medicine. It is also used in the Unani system of medicine. Ayurvedic remedies for common colds, headaches, stomach disorders, inflammation, infections, heart disease, poisoning, cataracts and malaria make use of the Tulsi. The Tulsi acts on the nervous system and strengthens it. It strengthens the heart. It acts as an appetizer and promotes digestion too. It facilitates the secretion of digestive enzymes and prevents flatulence. Having detoxifying properties the Tulsi purifies blood of any toxins that might be present in it.
Studies have also shown the Tulsi to be effective in reducing blood sugar levels and in controlling diabetes. It has also been proved to be effective in reducing cholesterol levels. Having anti bacterial and anti parasitic properties makes it suitable for combating infectious diseases of various types. Recent findings have indicated that the Tulsi may well provide protection from radiation poisoning. It has also been indicated that Tulsi possesses anti cancerous properties. There has come up a belief that a Tulsi leaf swallowed daily will ensure protection from cancer.